Category Archives: Democracy

Are Iranians Any Closer to Freedom?

June 18, 2026 (jodemocracy.org)

The United States and Iran formally signed a 14-point memorandum of understanding on June 17. Under the terms, which include ending sanctions on Iran, releasing its frozen funds, and pledging not to interfere in each other’s internal affairs, both sides have agreed to a 60-day ceasefire to allow further negotiations toward a final peace deal. 

The following Journal of Democracy essays cover the war that began on February 28 with attacks launched by the United States and Israel, the massive uprising of Iranians that preceded it, and the most recent chapter of the Islamic Republic’s brutal repression of its people.
The Islamic Republic’s War on Iranians

Iran’s theocracy has waged a brutal campaign against its own citizens for years. Now that the Woman, Life, Freedom movement has stripped the regime of any legitimacy, the mullahs have had no response but to sharpen their instruments of repression.

By Ladan Boroumand
The War with Iran Made the IRGC Stronger

If one of the goals of the war was to decimate the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps, it has had the opposite effect. The IRGC will come out of the conflict stronger and more embedded in Iranian politics.

By Roya Izadi
Why the Iranian Regime Owns the Streets

The progovernment rallies that crowd Iran’s streets are no accident. They are a critical and underappreciated pillar of the regime’s strength, and they are shaping Iran’s response to the war.

By Mohammad Ali Kadivar
Why the Islamic Republic Still Stands

After January’s mass protests, Iran seemed on the verge of revolutionary upheaval. How is it weathering the U.S.-Israeli assault?

By Peyman Asadzade
Iran’s Democratic Hopes Amid the Smoke of War

If the war ends with the dismantling of the regime’s repressive apparatus, the Iranian people will have a rare, if fraught, opportunity. The totalitarian mindset often survives totalitarian regimes.

By Ladan Boroumand
Iran’s Massacres Will Haunt the Regime

Iran’s hardline government responded to nationwide protests with horrific violence, killing thousands of Iranians in a matter of days. There is nothing the regime can offer its people to regain their support.

By Ehsan Habibpour and Sharan Grewal

The Journal of Democracy is published quarterly in January, April, July, and October. Subscribe now for full access to the Journal of Democracy archives.

Can Multiracial Democracy Survive?

The Future of Multiracial Democracy

Immigration to the West has long been soaring, as growing numbers of people flee hunger, poverty, and war. This surge of migrants has taken a toll on the democracies they wish to call home, many of which are struggling to serve even their own citizens. The complex questions that arise in response have become flashpoints for conflict, sometimes escalating into violence.

The following Journal of Democracy essays explore these tensions, with an eye on making democracy work in societies that are becoming more diverse than ever before. Read free for a limited time.
Why National Identity Matters

From enhancing physical security to encouraging mutual trust, an inclusive sense of national identity continues to be crucial to the flourishing of modern states.

By Francis Fukuyama
Majoritarianism Without Majorities

Majoritarian nationalism is a defining feature of our time. If we are to resist ethnonationalist leaders trying to recast our societies into imagined majorities, we must revise our conception of democracy and the exclusion inherent in majority rule.

By Kanchan Chandra
Liberal Democracy in an Age of Immigration

Immigration threatens to erode liberalism, as far-right parties and migrant communities with illiberal views gain power. Mass publics have shouldered the blame. But should political elites be held responsible?

By Rafaela Dancygier
Democracy and Diversity in Western Europe

Immigration has changed the face of Western Europe. Yet mainstream political parties have largely ignored citizens’ concerns about what immigration means for their societies, leaving them ripe for far-right populists to exploit.

By Sheri Berman
The Rise of Multicultural Nationalism

Some liberals attribute the origins of our polarized political era to “identity politics.” But multiculturalism need not provoke majoritarian anxieties — not if national identities can open ways for all citizens to be recognized and heard.

By Tariq Modood
The Journal of Democracy is published quarterly in January, April, July, and October. Subscribe now for full access to the Journal of Democracy archives.

Why Autocrats Fear LGBTQ+ Rights

Image credit: Attila Husejnow/SOPA Images/LightRocket via Getty Images

June 1 marked the start of Pride Month in the United States, a celebration of LGBTQ+ rights and freedoms born from the 1969 Stonewall uprising in New York City. The decades since have seen great strides toward equality for LGBTQ+ people in countries across the world. Yet today, more than a half-century of progress is under threat — coinciding, not coincidentally, with the global autocratic upswing. 
The Journal of Democracy essays below examine why this vulnerable community is under fire, the different ways in which autocrats weaponize LGBTQ+ rights for their own ends, and whether democracy is strong enough to protect them. Free for a limited time.
The Global Resistance to LGBTIQ Rights
Autocrats have found a new way to turn citizens against liberal democracy: convincing them that LGBTIQ rights, granted and protected in much of the West, pose a threat to their nation and its values.
Phillip Ayoub and Kristina Stoeckl

Why Autocracies Fear LGBTQ+ Rights
The battle over rights for sexual minorities has divided countries into opposing camps. But autocrats are lashing out with one aim: countering the liberal international order.
Gino Pauselli and María-José Urzúa

Is Democracy Bad for LGBT+ Rights?
LGBT+ rights are under threat across the globe. Populist leaders stirring fear and animosity for political gain understand how democratic institutions can be harnessed and manipulated to curtail these rights, not enshrine them.
Kristopher Velasco, Siddhartha Baral, and Yun (Nancy) Tang
 
Gay Rights: Why Democracy Matters
In a year that featured unprecedented strides for gay rights in some parts of the world, particularly in Western Europe and the Americas, other places experienced startling setbacks, especially in Russia and some countries in Africa.
Omar G. Encarnación

Latin America’s Gay-Rights Revolution
Even before Argentina’s landmark gay-marriage law was passed in July 2010, a gay-rights revolution was well underway across Latin America. But do gay rights by law equal acceptance of gays in practice?Omar G. Encarnación

The Hidden Founders of American Democracy | Native America

PBS Documentaries May 18, 2026 Watch more with PBS Passport: https://to.pbs.org/2DdzTCv Explore the rise of great American nations, from monarchies to democracies. Investigate lost cities in Mexico, a temple in Peru, a potlatch ceremony in the Pacific Northwest and a tapestry of shell beads in upstate New York whose story inspired our own democracy. [Originally aired in 2018] Nature to Nations | Native America This program is made possible by viewers like you. Support your local PBS station: https://www.pbs.org/donate Enjoy full episodes of your favorite PBS shows anytime, anywhere with the free PBS app: https://to.pbs.org/2QbtzhR

Relighting her Torch

We cannot meet the challenge of this moment without a reactivation of our moral imagination. (Plus a reminder about next week’s book club…)

Marianne Williamson May 29, 2026

(John Hudson)

This weekend I’m in Paris, where today I saw an original 1/16-scale bronze version of the Statue of Liberty at the Musee D’Orsay. I felt rather numb gazing at it, thinking of all the memes over the last few year or so of Lady Liberty bent over weeping. With our 250th birthday only weeks away, we have much to consider….about our country….and about ourselves.

Frederic Auguste Bartholdi, the designer and sculptor of the Statue of Liberty, said these words in 1898:

The experience of the old is not a motor: it is only a lamppost, warning against dangers; the light that illuminates the long path ahead is you, the youth, who are holding its torch; it is you who are to illuminate the future and its obscurities.

We’re living in that future now, and to say it’s filled with obscurities is an understatement. Never has there been a more important moment to consider America’s meaning. Not just our policies, our economy, or even our history. Our meaning. That, more than anything else – should we embrace it an understand it – will carry us through this awful hour.

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On the base of the Statue of Liberty is inscribed the poem The New Colossus by Emma Lazarus. Poet and activist Lazarus dedicated her poem to the refugees she was aiding at the time, applying for asylum from anti-Semitic pogroms in Eastern Europe. It’s worth reading every word of the poem, slowly and aloud to yourself. I’ll warn you now that it might break your heart.

THE NEW COLOSSUS

Not like the brazen giant of Greek fame,
With conquering limbs astride from land to land;
Here at our sea-washed, sunset gates shall stand
A mighty woman with a torch, whose flame
Is the imprisoned lightning, and her name
Mother of Exiles. From her beacon-hand
Glows world-wide welcome; her mild eyes command
The air-bridged harbor that twin cities frame.
“Keep, ancient lands, your storied pomp!” cries she
With silent lips. “Give me your tired, your poor,
Your huddled masses yearning to breathe free,
The wretched refuse of your teeming shore.
Send these, the homeless, tempest-tost to me,
I lift my lamp beside the golden door!”

It’s worth asking, what has happened to us? We have gone from that poem…to concentration camps. Literally. To concentration camps. To Dilley in Texas, and Delaney Hall in New Jersey, and Alligator Alcatraz in Florida. Nothing could be more of a spit in the face to Lady Liberty, to Emma Lazarus, or to every brave American before us who has struggled and sacrificed for this country. Yet the darkness those detainment camps represent – and all the other assaults on our freedom today – will not prevail.

Millions of Americans are making sure Lady Liberty’s torch is held high, and we will continue to. From people protesting in the streets of Minneapolis, to judges all over the country who are standing up to the Administration’s corruption and criminality, to every American who will stand up for our democracy on November 3rd, her light has not gone out. And it will never go out, as long as it lives in us.