C. J. Cornthwaite May 8, 2026 Footnote Famous – Interviews with the world’s best Bible scholars What does the Gospel of John actually claim about Jesus — and about everyone else? In this conversation, I sit down with Dr. Hugo Mendez (UNC Chapel Hill) to talk about his new book The Gospel of John: A New History (Oxford University Press), and the result is one of the most genuinely surprising readings of John I’ve encountered. Most readers know John as the gospel that “makes Jesus divine.” That’s half the story. The other half — the one Mendez argues we’ve been missing for centuries — is that John’s Jesus extends that same divinity to his followers. The logos becomes flesh, yes. But the logos also draws human beings into oneness with God, gives them the glory he had with the Father, and even tells them in John 10, “you are gods.” We get into:
- Why John is almost certainly the work of a single author (and where chapter 21 gives itself away as a later addition)
- How John knew and creatively reworked Mark, Matthew, and Luke — the Lazarus story is a wild example
- John’s Philonic logos theology and why it isn’t yet 4th-century Trinitarian thought
- The deification of believers — what scholars have missed about John 10 and John 17
- Mendez’s argument that humans in John may also be angelified (John 1:51 and the angels ascending and descending on the Son of Man)
- Why Mendez calls John the first apocryphal gospel — and how it pioneered the eyewitness-claim playbook later used by Thomas, Mary, and the Protevangelium of James
- The Beloved Disciple as a literary device, not John son of Zebedee
- How the Johannine epistles and even Revelation may belong to a wider tradition of works imitating the Gospel of John

The Gospel of John: A New History
Hugo Méndez
The biblical Gospel of John casts itself as a memoir of “the disciple whom Jesus loved”–a mysterious figure who allegedly watched Jesus die on the cross and stepped into his empty tomb. But in this groundbreaking study, Hugo Méndez argues that the text is something else a falsely authored gospel that inspired a rich tradition of disguised writing.
The author of John believed that Jesus was a divine being who came to earth to transform humans into divine beings. To encourage others to embrace this startling vision, that author composed a gospel filled with invented materials—one in which Jesus communicates the author’s views through cryptic words and symbolic gestures left for readers to decipher. Finally, to make this revisionary portrait of Jesus plausible, the author concealed his identity, attributing his Gospel to an invented, shadowy disciple of Jesus gifted with supernatural insight and able to retrieve lost memories of Jesus’s life. In these respects, the Gospel of John is similar to the so-called apocryphal gospels produced in the second century, including the Gospel of Thomas and the Gospel of Judas.
The invention of this eyewitness was not a self-contained event, however. It was the genesis of a new and vibrant literary tradition. As the enigmatic disciple of the Gospel was folded into the same collective memory as Peter and Paul, he became a viable mask for other authors. In time, many such writers—among them, the authors of 1 John, 2 John, 3 John, Revelation, the Apocryphon of John, and the Epistula Apostolorum—coopted this figure, repurposing him for new agendas and weaving countless afterlives for him. The Gospel of A New History traces this arc, showing how a single act of disguised authorship ignited new literary trajectories and dramatically shaped twenty centuries of Christian culture.
(Goodreads.com)










