Bobby Azarian, Raw Story

June 5, 2025 (RawStory.com)

Elon Musk speaks during the first cabinet meeting hosted by U.S. President Donald Trump, at the White House in Washington, DC, U.S., February 26, 2025. REUTERS/Brian Snyder

It may sound like an insensitive statement, but the cold hard truth is that there are a lot of stupid people in the world, and their stupidity presents a constant danger to others. Some of these people are in positions of power, and some of them have been elected to run our country. A far greater number of them do not have positions of power, but they still have the power to vote, and the power to spread their ideas. We may have heard of “collective intelligence,” but there is also “collective stupidity,” and it is a force with equal influence on the world. It would not be a stretch to say that at this point in time, stupidity presents an existential threat to America because, in some circles, it is being celebrated.

Although the term “stupidity” may seem derogatory or insulting, it is actually a scientific concept that refers to a specific type of cognitive failure. It is important to realize that stupidity is not simply a lack of intelligence or knowledge, but rather a failure to use one’s cognitive abilities effectively. This means that you can be “smart” while having a low IQ, or no expertise in anything. It is often said that “you can’t fix stupid,” but that is not exactly true. By becoming aware of the limitations of our natural intelligence or our ignorance, we can adjust our reasoning, behavior, and decision-making to account for our intellectual shortcomings.

To demonstrate that stupidity does not mean having a low IQ, consider the case of Richard Branson, the billionaire CEO of Virgin Airlines, who is one of the world’s most successful businessmen. Branson has said that he was seen as the dumbest person in school, and has admitted to having dyslexia, a learning disability that affects one’s ability to read and correctly interpret written language. But it wasn’t just reading comprehension that was the problem — “Math just didn’t make sense to me,” Branson has said. “I would certainly have failed an IQ test.”

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So, what is responsible for his enormous success, both financially and in terms of being a prolific innovator? Branson attributes his success to surrounding himself with highly knowledgeable and extremely competent people. Branson’s smarts come from his ability to recognize his own limitations, and to know when to defer to others on topics or tasks where he lacks sufficient knowledge or skill.

This means you don’t have to be traditionally intelligent or particularly knowledgeable to be successful in life, make good decisions, have good judgment, and be a positive influence on the world. Stupidity is a consequence of a failure to be aware of one’s own limitations, and this type of cognitive failure has a scientific name: the Dunning-Kruger effect.

The Dunning-Kruger effect is a well-known psychological phenomenon that describes the tendency for individuals to overestimate their level of intelligence, knowledge, or competence in a particular area. They may also simultaneously misjudge the intelligence, expertise, or competence of others. In other words, they are ignorant of their own ignorance. The effect has been widely written about, and investigated empirically, with hundreds of studies published in peer-reviewed journals confirming and analyzing the phenomenon, particularly in relation to the dangers it poses in certain contexts.

It is easy to think of examples in which failing to recognize one’s own ignorance can become dangerous. Take for example when people with no medical training try to provide medical advice. It doesn’t take much Internet searching to find some nutritionist from the “alternative medicine” world who is claiming that some herbal ingredient has the power to cure cancer. Some of these people are scam artists, but many of them truly believe that they have a superior understanding of health and physiology. There are many people who trust these self-proclaimed experts, and there is no doubt that some have paid with their lives for it.

What’s particularly disturbing about the Dunning-Kruger effect is that people are attracted to confident leaders, so politicians are incentivized to be overconfident in their beliefs and opinions, and to overstate their expertise. For example, Donald Trump — despite not having any real understanding of what causes cancer — suggested that the noise from wind turbines is causing cancer (a claim that is not supported by any empirical studies). It is well documented that on topics ranging from pandemics to climate change, Trump routinely dismissed the opinions of the professionals who have dedicated their lives to understanding those phenomena, because he thought that he knew better. It’s bad enough that politicians like Donald Trump and Marjorie Taylor Greene don’t recognize their own ignorance and fail to exercise the appropriate amount of caution when making claims that can affect public health and safety — but what is really disturbing is that they are being celebrated for their overconfidence (i.e., stupidity).

It is less surprising that politicians who regularly exhibit the Dunning-Kruger effect are being elected to office when one realizes that they are being voted in by people who also display the Dunning-Kruger effect. A 2008 study by the political scientist Ian Anson surveyed over 2000 Americans in an attempt to see whether or not the effect was playing a role in one’s ability to overestimate their political knowledge. The results clearly showed that the people who scored lowest on political knowledge were the very same people who were the most likely to overestimate their performance. While this is shocking, it also makes perfect sense: the less we know about something, the less of an ability we have to assess how much we don’t know. It is only when we try to become an expert on some complex topic that we truly realize how complicated it is, and how much more there is to learn about it.

This new theory of stupidity I have proposed here — that stupidity is not a lack of intelligence or knowledge, but a lack of awareness of the limits of one’s intelligence or knowledge — is more important right now than ever before, and I’ll tell you why. The same study by Anson mentioned above showed that, when cues were given to make the participants “engage in partisan thought,” the Dunning-Kruger effect became more pronounced. In other words, if someone is reminded of the Republican-Democrat divide, they become even more overconfident in their uninformed positions. This finding suggests, that in today’s unprecedently divided political climate, we are all more likely to have an inflated sense of confidence in our unsupported beliefs. What’s more, those who actually have the greatest ignorance will assume they have the least!

What we are dealing with here is an epidemic of stupidity that will only get worse as divisions continue to increase. This should motivate all of us to do what we can to ease the political division. When we can clearly see the social factors that are causing people to become increasingly stupid, our anger and hatred toward them should dissipate. We do not have much control over our level of intelligence or ignorance, or our ignorance of our ignorance.

But this does not mean that we should accept stupidity as the result of deterministic forces that are beyond our control. After gaining a deeper awareness of our own cognitive limitations and limited knowledge base, we should do what we can to instill this higher awareness in others. We must not just educate the public and our youth; we must teach them to become aware of their own ignorance, and give them the skills they need to search for more knowledge and to detect when they or others are overestimating their knowledge or competency.

We have good reason to be optimistic that this is possible. A 2009 study showed that incompetent students increased their ability to estimate their class rank after being tutored in the skills they lacked. This suggests that we can learn a type of “meta-awareness” that gives us the power to more accurately assess ourselves and our own limitations. Once we can do that, then we can know when we need to do more research on a given topic, or to defer to experts. We can also get better at distinguishing between true experts and those who only claim to be experts (but are really just demonstrating the Dunning-Kruger effect).

We are all victims of the Dunning-Kruger effect to some degree. An inability to accurately assess our own competency and wisdom is something we see in both liberals and conservatives. While being more educated typically decreases our Dunning-Kruger tendencies, it does not eliminate them entirely. That takes constant cognitive effort in the form of self-awareness, continual curiosity, and a healthy amount of skepticism. By cultivating this type of awareness in ourselves, and making an effort to spread it to others, we can fight back against the stupidity crisis that threatens our nation.

NOW READ: It’s obscene: Inside the Medicare Advantage shamBobby Azarian is a cognitive neuroscientist and the author of the new book The Romance of Reality: How the Universe Organizes Itself to Create Life, Consciousness, and Cosmic Complexity. He is also a blogger for Psychology Today and the creator of the Substack Road to Omega. Follow him @BobbyAzarian.

Nero sculpture in his birthplace of Anzio, Italy
Sculptor: Claudio Valenti. Photo: Helen Cook / Wikimedia

A.Word.A.Daywith Anu Garg

I once had a Canadian friend who was a major Anglophile. Big fan of the monarchy. Fine by me. Some people collect stamps, others collect tiaras (vicariously).

When a son was born to William and Kate in 2013, my friend emailed me, brimming with excitement over the arrival of, I quote, “HRH Prince George”.

The little fellow was barely 48 hours old and he was already a His Royal Highness? All he had to do was show up in the right womb?

I’d rather reserve that level of reverence for folks who, say, invent vaccines, compose symphonies, or revolutionize the world with poems or books.

Still, I did the polite thing. I congratulated her… and added, “Lizzie must be thrilled about her new great grandson.” (There went my knighthood.)

She was not amused.

I asked her how she’d feel if the next mayor of her small town were simply the child of the current one. And their child after that. She changed the subject.

To each her own. If someone wants to call Paris Hilton HRH, or refer to Kal-El as Superman, well, it’s a free world. (Though most of us retire the crown and scepter after preschool.)

Kings, queens, dukes, duchesses, it’s a charming idea from another century. Way past its time.

Sure, democracy has its flaws. Sometimes people make a dreadful choice. But the beautiful thing is, they can fix it in the next election. (And yes, sometimes they make the same dreadful choice again. What can I say, people have short memories.) But at least they are not stuck with the same family forever. Or, stripping them from actual power, while supporting them in the lifestyle of the rich and famous.

While most monarchs fade into footnotes, a few live on in the dictionary. This week we’ll meet five kings whose names have become words in the language.

What’s your take on royalty? Share on our website or email us at words@wordsmith.org. Include your location (city, state).

Nero

PRONUNCIATION:

(NEE-ro) 

MEANING:

noun: A cruel, depraved, or tyrannical ruler.

ETYMOLOGY:

After Nero (CE 37-68), Roman emperor (54-68), whose name became synonymous with tyranny. Earliest documented use: 1542.

NOTES:

Nero is infamous for his cruelty, excesses, and theatrical self-indulgence. He ordered the deaths of his own mother and at least one of his wives. After being declared a public enemy by the Roman Senate and condemned to death in absentia having fled, he killed himself. As for the story that he fiddled while Rome burned, that’s likely a myth.

“Listen to your life. See it as a fathomless mystery:  in the boredom and pain of it, no less than in the excitement and gladness. In the last analysis, all moments are key moments, and life itself is grace.” Frederick Buechner (b.1926) American Writer

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The Hanged Man The Hanged Man is one of those Major Arcana cards which tend to have a rather poor reputation – undeservedly, in my opinion. He represents the necessary process of surrender and sacrifice, which is probably why he is not greeted with open arms. Yet both actions are a part of everyday life. We just fail to understand that, every time we make a choice between two equally desirable options, we sacrifice one in order to have the other. We surrender one state to achieve another.In fact, the Hanged Man can often indicate a period of apparent inertia, where new concepts and tenets are being absorbed. Once we have digested this new material, we can emerge from our period of inactivity with a fresh approach to things. So sometimes the Hanged Man presents us with an important method of self-development.In most Tarot decks, there’s an important visual link between the Emperor and the Hanged Man – both these figures are depicted with their legs forming the figure 4. 4 is a number connected to ideas about material stability. The Emperor often represents a man who has achieved much in the material sphere. He is usually a dynamic and energetic person who forcefully directs his will toward the attainment of his desires.In a sense, we can see the Hanged Man as an outgrowth of the Emperor – though now it is not the material world which is the object of his aspiration – it is the spiritual realm in which he is interested.So, on a day ruled by the Hanged Man, take a little time out to consider what your current spiritual aspirations are. Write them down and think them over. Think back to the last time you attempted to assess your current journey and see whether you feel you have achieved some of the things you aimed for.And above all, recognise something. This journey of the spirit is like any other – we achieve it step by step, moment by moment. We will always be surrendering things along the way – and we need always to be open to new input, new concepts, new pages to be written in the book of life. Affirmation: “I pause. And in pausing, I see differently.”

(Angelpaths.com)

New Thinking Jun 9, 2025 Ruth Kastner, PhD, is a member of the Foundations of Physics group at the University of Maryland, College Park. She is author of The Transactional Interpretation of Quantum Mechanics: The Reality of Possibility, Understanding Our Unseen Reality: Solving Quantum Riddles, and Adventures in Quantumland: Exploring Our Unseen Reality. In this video, rebooted from 2019, she reviews the history of the transactional interpretation of quantum mechanics, originally developed by physicist John Cramer at the University of Washington. She, herself, was responsible for recent modifications to the theory — thus the “relativistic” nomenclature. The theory maintains that enormous action related to the actualization of quantum events takes place outside of the spacetime domain. While this interpretation is not dependent upon consciousness, it allows for the existence of consciousness and is consistent with metaphysical idealism. New Thinking Allowed host, Jeffrey Mishlove, PhD, is author of The Roots of Consciousness, Psi Development Systems, and The PK Man. Between 1986 and 2002 he hosted and co-produced the original Thinking Allowed public television series. He is the recipient of the only doctoral diploma in “parapsychology” ever awarded by an accredited university (University of California, Berkeley, 1980). He is also the Grand Prize winner of the 2021 Bigelow Institute essay competition regarding the best evidence for survival of human consciousness after permanent bodily death. He is Co-Director of Parapsychology Education at the California Institute for Human Science. (Recorded on October 21, 2019)

WGN News Jun 9, 2025 James Kimmel Jr. is a Yale violence researcher and psychiatry lecturer who examines America`s growing addiction to revenge as a special brand of justice; and uncovers the truth behind why we want to hurt the people who hurt us, and how to stop it.

The Science of Revenge: Understanding the World’s Deadliest Addiction—and How to Overcome It

James Kimmel Jr.

In this definitive book on revenge, a Yale psychiatry researcher exposes the unseen neurobiological cause of violence—a compulsive desire for retribution—and offers a profound new understanding of human behavior and breakthrough framework for making our lives and communities safer.

There is a hidden addiction plaguing humanity right now: revenge. Researchers have identified retaliation in response to real and imagined grievances as the root cause of most forms of human aggression and violence. From vicious tweets to road rage, murder-suicide, and armed insurrection, perpetrators almost always see themselves as victims seeking justice. Chillingly, recent neuroimaging studies of the human brain show that harboring a personal grievance triggers revenge desires and activates the neural pleasure and reward circuitry of addiction.

Although this behavior is ancient and seems inevitable, by understanding retaliation and violence as an addictive brain-biological process, we cancontrol deadly revenge cravings and save lives. In The Science of Revenge, Yale violence researcher and psychiatry lecturer James Kimmel, Jr., JD, uncovers the truth behind why we want to hurt the people who hurt us, what happens when it gets out of hand, and how to stop it.

Weaving neuroscience, psychology, sociology, law, and human history with captivating storytelling, Dr. Kimmel reveals the neurological mechanisms and prevalence of revenge addiction. He shines an unsparing light on humanity’s pathological obsession with revenge throughout history; his own struggle with revenge addiction that almost led him to commit a mass shooting; America’s growing addiction to revenge as a special brand of justice; and the startlingly similar addictive behaviors and motivations of childhood bullies, abusive partners, aggrieved employees, sparring politicians, street gang members, violent extremists, mass killers, and tyrannical dictators. He also reveals the amazing, healing changes that take place inside your brain and body when you practice forgiveness. Emphasizing the necessity of proven public health approaches and personal solutions for every level of revenge addiction, he offers urgent, actionable information and novel methods for preventing and treating violence.

(Goodreads.com)

Published: June 9, 2025 (TheOnion.com)

LOS ANGELES—Responding to escalating clashes between civilian activists and militarized immigration authorities, Los Angeles Mayor Karen Bass publicly urged protesters Monday not to give the Trump administration any pretext for what they’re already doing and will keep doing no matter what. “Angelenos—don’t engage in violence and give the administration an excuse to inflict all the damage they have been inflicting carte blanche for months on end,” said Bass, adding that Trump and his team are just looking for a reason to respond with violence, as they would have done whether or not any of this happened. “Don’t fan the flame that has been fanned behind the scenes at the White House since day one of Trump’s term in office. You wouldn’t want them to start abducting people in broad daylight and deporting them, would you? No, so let’s not become scapegoats for the horrific violations of civil liberties that would have eventually landed at our doorstep regardless.” At press time, Bass warned that Trump was using the actions of protesters to justify sending in the National Guard that had been pre-deployed to the conflict days before it even began.

Say it loud and say it proud

JUN 9, 2025

I don’t know what Donald Trump is going to do, but like everyone else I know what he is capable of doing. And willing to do. That of itself should now seriously inform how we live our lives.

This awful chapter will be over someday. The challenge is to be fully cognizant of the danger this administration represents right now – to our Constitutional principles, our freedom, and in some cases even our lives. I don’t know how much Trump is really aware of the details of the larger project he spearheads, as there are times when it seems he’s hardly even in the loop. This presidency is the Apprentice on steroids, Trump a fake boss who is little but bluster yet unfortunately has the nuclear code. And he is not alone. The people who have enabled this authoritarian coup and are enabling it now, those who in their hearts know better and those who in their hearts do not, are every bit as much responsible for this horror as he is.

But enough about them. I want to talk about us.

Upgrade to paid

The American people are no longer asleep to the danger in our midst.

Americans have been known throughout the world as being slow to wake up sometimes, so distracted we can be by the bright and shiny lesser things in life. But once we do awaken, we slam it hard. And people are starting to do that . The problem is that we were a bit slow on the uptake, still in shock and processing what was happening while the Trump forces were already Shock and Awing through their first hundred days.

As a result, Trump’s path to dictatorship has been astonishingly smooth. A disbelieving and somewhat naive electorate kept routinely catching up to what he was doing just a half a beat too late. We were still waiting to see something verified by the New York Times before we gave ourselves permission to be upset by it. Yet in today’s world, by the time something hits the legacy media it’s often chewed over leftovers already. People are getting it now, and we’re monitoring events for ourselves. We need to completely accept that this is what it is – dictatorship in the making – and be one step ahead of him instead of always one step behind.

For instance, no Bernie, he’s not “leading us toward” authoritarianism. We’re basically there. The evil they’ve already perpetrated increases like a higher drip of intravenous poison almost daily, and it’s foolish at this point for any of us to think they might not be doing what they’re doing. They’re doing it. Anyone who thinks this isn’t like Hitler needs to read up on Hitler.

Yet Trumpworld is meeting with a form of resistance they might not have expected. They moved quickly to take over institutional powers and succeeded. But they did not necessarily expect – and aren’t totally sure how to handle -the massive wave of political guerilla warfare now starting to happen. People are jamming the evil works of fascism in ways both large and small. We’re not waiting for direction from a centralized command because there isn’t one. Trump/Vance/Miller etc. can’t target the leader because it’s a leaderless phenomenon. People are listening to our own gut – creating content, peacefully protesting, showing up wherever, and overall creating a forcefield that will hold back the monstrous assault we are experiencing. Each of us is a power center. The heart as well as the head is in charge now. And that’s why we’ll prevail.

We’re way, way far from the end of this thing, however. They’re a wily group, that gang, and they have no intention of losing this war. Note that I said war, not election. Never in my lifetime – in fact, I don’t think it’s ever happened before in American history – has a President seemed so intent on waging war against Americans. Those ICE raids aren’t just being waged against a criminal element, and those National Guardsmen aren’t just there to scare immigrants. The whole thing is an attack on our values, our Constitution, and should we not comply, on us.

Some are still saying, “And no one’s doing anything!” but it isn’t true. California Governor Gavin Newsom is very strong right now in standing up to the President. Senator Chris Murphy, Congresspeople Jasmin Crockett, Greg Casar and Melanie Stansbury are among a large group of impressive voices among Democrats in Congress. On the Republican side, the lone voice of Senator Lisa Murkowski of Alaska is a cry of conscience. If there’s a lesson here for the future it’s that both parties need to reclaim their soul. There are people from every side of the political spectrum who are speaking up and doing what they can. In every state, there are people and organizations trying to hold the line.

To say the elites got here way too late is an understatement. We had years to prevent this. I know very well the institutional resistance there was to anyone suggesting that the way to beat Trump was to break out of the mold, screw the old rule book, and offer an actual alternative to his craziness when we still had time. But that was then and this is now. The Democratic Party may or may not get it together enough to flip the House in 2026. I pray they do.

Yet there’s a greater challenge will still lie before us, no matter whether or not Democrats can create wins in ‘26 and ‘28. There is now a massive population of Americans who believe a totalitarian government might be the better way to go. They can’t see where democracy did that much for them, really. They’re been losing ground economically and socially for years, and the painful truth – one which too many Democrats still fail to acknowledge – is that in a lot of respects they’re right. At the very least people deserve the respect of acknowledging their pain.

The trickle-down economic delusion that destroyed America’s middle class is not just economic data to people who are living it. It’s suffering. It’s broken families. It’s addiction. It’s sickness. It’s crime. It’s chronic anxiety. The elites didn’t see that because it wasn’t in their neighborhood. Having traveled the country as I have, I did. And I experienced the arrogance and entitlement of those who felt they could “contain” whatever resistance there might be to empty neo-liberal promises. Despite what many saw of huge warning signs, they saw no reason to fundamentally change. So while a Republican President started the trickle-down con, no Democratic President stopped it. The American people have every reason in the world to be looking for a better way.

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And that’s what we need to start imagining now. What do you want America to look like on the other side of this disastrous era? We need to imagine the America we want, articulate it, and reverse engineer from there. This is a job for each of us to do; no more waiting to see what guys on top will allow. If there’s a lesson in any of this – and there are so many – it’s to stop farming out our citizenship to others. The political class who supposedly knew what they were doing, quite simply, did not.

It’s not the elites who are going to save us now, especially with many of them now propagating the narrative that it was all Biden’s fault in order to cover up their own complicity. It’s not a political party that’s going to save us. It’s not one charismatic leader who can raise his rod and stretch his hands over the waters until they part. It’s going to be all of us. That means anyone and everyone who sees tyranny in our midst and is ready to put our lives on the line to make sure we save our country.

Make no mistake about it, the Trump guys are tyrants. And they admit that, by the way. They kind of think that’s a good idea! Whether it’s the Curtis Yarvin crowd, Peter Thiel and the Tech Bros, Christian Nationalists, Project 2025-ers, Trump/Vance/Miller or anyone else, they are unabashed in their intention to replace our Constitutional system of rule by law with rule according to whatever they think best.

Whether we’re left, right, centrists, Democrats, Republicans, conservatives, liberals, progressive, blacks, whites, Latinos, Jews, Christians, Hindu, Muslims, or anything else, what matters is that we are here to protect our freedom, our Constitutional system however flawed, and our planet.

If things get too intense, they will shut down the Internet or use whatever other means possible to break our communication with each other. But what we are doing now is laying the groundwork for the power that will set in even if they do. People will just keep moving. We will do what we know in our hearts we should do, a concept most elites have a hard time understanding. In AA it’s said that “every problem comes bearing its own solution.” The mess we’re in is turning us into the people we need to be in order to handle it. The grief, the anger, the frustration, the fierceness, and the love – all the emotions we’re been through and are going through right now – are putting us through a wringer, but they are transforming our spirits. The pain of this moment breaks through the chains of shallow thinking that have defined our modern politics. An expanded set of political tools will emerge from our expanded minds.

We’re not going going to be the first generation of Americans who wimp out on doing what it takes to protect our country at such an hour as this. Nope. We’re changing. We were sleeping but we’ve awakened. Our fierceness is showing. Our passion is rising.

Just make sure that that includes yours.

4 DAYS AGO byIAN MACINTYRE ( @ ) (thebeaverton.com)

WASHINGTON D.C. – US President Donald Trump has spent the day publicly feuding with former billionaire ally Elon Musk, as the two each insisted that they were shown less affection and attention from his cold, distant father.

Following weeks of disagreements over negative publicity incurred by Musk’s DOGE department, as well as Tesla stock price tumbling, the long-rumoured rift spilled into public view after the two reportedly disagreed over whose father was a more withholding and emotionally abusive tyrant.

“How dare Trump claim that he was warped into bigger narcissistic sociopath, desperately craving his father’s approval,” posted Musk on his social media platform X. “The bottomless hole of empathy inside my heart that will never be filled by my daddy’s love makes Donald’s look tiny lol #legalizecomedy”

Hours later, President Trump fired back at the SpaceX CEO from his own Truth Social platform. “Crazy Elon is nuts if he thinks his father bullied him into being a thinner-skinned insecure shell of a human. My daddy issues are HUGE, many people are saying it!!”

The battle of words between the president and his wealthiest donor, over which is the more emotionally-stunted manchild, escalated through the afternoon as both ignored presidential duties and corporate responsibilities, respectively.

“My dad was a rapacious emerald baron who moved to South Africa FOR the apartheid!” tweeted Musk. “I was left with only a trust fund, a breeding fetish, and a ketamine addiction so bad that I’m peeing my pants while writing this. Case closed! PS. Trump is in the Epstein Files.”

Trump quickly ended a meeting with Chinese President Xi Jin Ping to respond, “No way, Elon! Fred Trump Sr. literally bullied my pilot brother into drinking himself to death. He was the GOAT, in that he would rather spend time with a farm animal than any of his own children.”

Minutes later, Trump signed an executive order making it legal to fire bomb Tesla Cybertrucks.

Later, conservative media was relieved after Trump and Musk issued a joint press release, assuring the world that the both still controlled a terrifying amount of America’s infrastructure and military stockpile.

At press time, Trump and Musk had resumed bitterly arguing over who wouldn’t get custody of JD Vance.

“Silence is an endangered quantity in our time. Silence stuns with its presence, its pregnant reality, a reality that does not negate reason and argument, but puts them in their place.” Krista Tippett (b. 1960) American Journalist

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