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Yes, many popes and kings throughout history had astrologers as part of their courts and councils, particularly during the Middle Ages and the Renaissance when astrology was considered a respected “science” or natural philosophy. 

Astrology was not universally banned by the Christian Church during these periods but was often differentiated into acceptable and problematic forms: 

• Natural Astrology (predicting weather, agricultural cycles, or medical needs like blood-letting based on celestial movements) was widely accepted and integrated into academic subjects.
• Judicial Astrology (predicting specific individual human fates or political events, which seemed to undermine the concept of free will and divine control) was sometimes officially opposed or considered controversial, though widely practiced in private. 

Notable Examples

• Popes: Several popes in the 16th century, including Julius II, Leo X, Adrian IV, and Paul III, viewed astrology favorably and consulted with astrologers. Even Pope Gregory XIII, who was mistrustful of it, had his natal chart cast and preserved in the Vatican Library. The founding of St. Peter’s Basilica itself has been linked to astrological considerations for an auspicious time to begin construction.
• Kings and Royalty: Monarchs frequently employed court astrologers to advise on important matters.
  • Queen Elizabeth I of England referred to her astrologer and mathematician, John Dee, as “my philosopher” and commissioned a horoscope for her coronation date to ensure an auspicious reign.
  • Catherine de’ Medici, the regent of France, was said to have relied heavily on her astrologers, including the famous Michel de Nostradamus.
  • King Henri II of France’s death in a tournament was famously predicted by Nostradamus and the Italian astrologer Luca Gaurico.
  • Frederick II and Rudolph II, Holy Roman Emperors, employed the renowned astronomer Tycho Brahe, who provided them with horoscopes, predictions, and annual astrological almanacs. 

Astrology was a powerful tool in political and personal life, and its practitioners were respected figures, often highly educated in mathematics and astronomy.